Play Production in America by Arthur Edwin Krows; Henry Holt, 1916

When Maude Adams completed her third year in "The Little Minister" several seasons ago, Charles Frohman, her manager, gave her permission to fulfil one of her many ambitions and experiment with stage lights. One result of these experiments was invention of a bulb stain for fine gradations of color. The stain she used first was some kind of beauty lotion she happened to have on her dressing room table. But the important invention was the light bridge-thirty-seven feet long, about two feet in width, and divided into seven compartments, in each of which was a great lens capable of illuminating any given space or corner of the stage with diffused, evenly rayed light, or with a concentrated spot. Each compartment had a special operator.

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